Private and External Benefits from Investment in Intangible Assets
Year:
2014
Type of item:
Rapporti di ricerca
Tipologia ANVUR:
Altro
Language:
Inglese
Format:
A Stampa
Keyword:
Innovation; R&D spillovers; Productivity; training
Short description of contents:
This report studies the micro-evidence on innovation activity at firm level in the UK. The
main aim of this report is to assess the network effects generated by individual firms’
decisions on intangible innovation activities, such as investing in internal and external R&D
activities, training and advertising for the purpose of innovation. The network element of
these decisions is provided by two dimensional coordinates: a firm’s geographic location
and sector of production. This analysis is based on four main categories of information
collected at individual firm level: investment in intangibles and innovation activities;
introduction of innovation outcomes; firm characteristics, behaviour, motivations and
cooperation relations; and knowledge spillovers, based on proximity in both geographic
and production spaces. This report focusses on the interrelations between the variables
populating these four categories, with the objective of achieving a better understanding of
the complex set of relations underlying firm’s innovative activities.
Innovation activities play an essential role in determining a firm’s innovation output and
productivity. Our main research question is to assess whether, and how, these
investments in innovation activities and intangibles not only affect the outcomes of the
investing firm, the internal effects, but also generate knowledge spillovers affecting the
innovation performance of other firms in the economic systems, the external effects. Our
objective is to include the estimates of these external effects and to assess their direction
and significance along with the other direct relations linking innovative activities to
productivity. To this aim, we construct a set of new variables capturing the spillovers taking
place along different dimensions of the innovation activities.
After the preliminary exploratory findings, our report introduces an econometric model to
assess the role played by different innovative activities and their sector and spatial
spillovers, in determining both innovation outcomes and productivity. The model is divided
into a three-stage estimation procedure:
• In the first stage, we introduce four separate estimations, one for each of the
intangible innovation activities – namely Research and Development (R&D), training
and advertising (for the purposes of innovation).
• The second stage utilises the predicted values obtained from the first stage
estimation, together with more covariates, for predicting the outcomes of a firm’s
three possible innovation outcomes: product, process and organisational
innovations.
• Finally, in the last stage we use the estimated firm’s joint probabilities of introducing
process, product and organisational innovations to estimate their impact on
productivity.